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Conflicts Of Interest - Legal and Non-Legal Conflicts
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Conflicts Of Interest
Legal and Non-Legal Conflicts
When does a conflict occur?
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Legal and Non-Legal Conflicts of Interest

What is a conflict of interest?

In this section, when we talk about a conflict of interest we mean a legal conflict of interest.

A legal conflict of interest occurs when the duties a lawyer owes to his or her client come into conflict with the duties a lawyer owes to the court, to a different client or with the lawyer's personal interests.

For example, imagine there are two potential clients, James and Sarah. James and Sarah are married. James has recently been convicted of assault and Sarah, who has suffered from domestic violence, decides to leave James. If a lawyer acted for James in the criminal case and then starts to act for Sarah in Family Court proceedings, he or she may be aware of confidential information about James that would help Sarah in the Family Court proceedings against James.

This means that the lawyer cannot represent Sarah in the Family Court matter. It does not mean that the lawyer or organisation does not want to represent Sarah - it means that they are not able to.

Ethical conflicts of interest also exist and overlap with legal conflicts of interest. An ethical conflict occurs when a lawyer is asked to represent someone and in order to do so must disregard their own moral principles or those of their organisation or profession.

Why do conflicts occur?

Conflicts arise when the different duties and interests that a lawyer has clash.

Lawyers owe duties to their clients as a result of the type of relationship that exists between themselves and their clients. These duties extend to employees of a lawyer or Community Legal Centre.

  • Lawyers must be completely loyal to their client. This duty cannot be fulfilled when it is owed to two or more people who have competing interests.
  • Duty of fidelity. This duty requires a lawyer to disclose to their client all information that is within the lawyer's knowledge and a duty to act in the client's best interests.
  • Duty of confidentiality in respect of information communicated to the lawyer as a result of the lawyer client relationship. This duty survives the formal termination of the lawyer client relationship.

Conflicts also arise because lawyers owe duties not only to their clients but to the court. For example, lawyers must conduct court proceedings with candour and honesty and without misleading the court as to the facts of the case.

The Law Society of Western Australia also has a set of Professional Conduct Rules which lawyers must follow. These rules do overlap to some extent with the duties set out above, but lawyers must still have regard to them.

What types of conflicts occur?

There are three main types of conflicts that can occur:

  • conflicts between duties to the court and to a client;
  • conflicts between a lawyer's interests and a duty to a client; and
  • conflicts between duties owed to two or more clients.



 
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